Bits of Torah Truths – Torah Concept in the NT: Feed the Sheep – Episode 396
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John 21:16–17
21:16 He said to him again a second time, “Simon, son of John, do you love Me?” He said to Him, “Yes, Lord; You know that I love You.” He said to him, “Shepherd My sheep.” 21:17 He said to him the third time, “Simon, son of John, do you love Me?” Peter was grieved because He said to him the third time, “Do you love Me?” And he said to Him, “Lord, You know all things; You know that I love You.” Jesus said to him, “Tend My sheep. (NASB)
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John 21:16-17
טז שָׁאַל אוֹתוֹ פַּעַם שְׁנִיָּה׃ ״שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן יוֹחָנָן, הַאִם אַתָּה אוֹהֵב אוֹתִי?״ הֵשִׁיב לוֹ׃ ״כֵּן, אֲדוֹנִי, אַתָּה יוֹדֵעַ שֶׁאֲנִי אוֹהֵב אוֹתְךָ.״ אָמַר לוֹ יֵשׁוּעַ׃ ״נְהַג אֶת צֹאנִי.״ יז שָׁאַל אוֹתוֹ פַּעַם שְׁלִישִׁית׃ ״שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן יוֹחָנָן, הַאִם אַתָּה אוֹהֵב אוֹתִי?״ הִתְעַצֵּב כֵּיפָא עַל שֶׁשָּׁאַל אוֹתוֹ בַּשְּׁלִישִׁית ״הַאִם אַתָּה אוֹהֵב אוֹתִי?״ וְאָמַר אֵלָיו׃ ״אֲדוֹנִי, הַכֹּל אַתָּה יוֹדֵעַ; אַתָּה יוֹדֵעַ שֶׁאֲנִי אוֹהֵב אוֹתְךָ.״ אָמַר לוֹ יֵשׁוּעַ׃ ״רְעֵה אֶת צֹאנִי.
The concept of “Feed my sheep” from John 21:16-17, where Yeshua instructs Peter to tend to His followers, parallels several themes in the Torah related to leadership, care, and provision. The example may be taken from the role of a shepherd which is a common metaphor for leadership in the Torah. In Genesis 49:24, Jacob blesses Joseph, referring to God as “the Shepherd, the Stone of Israel.” This highlights the divine example of guidance and care that human leaders are meant to emulate. Moses was a shepherd, according to Exodus 3:1 “Now Moses was tending the flock of Jethro, his father-in-law, the priest of Midian.” His shepherding experience reflects the qualities of care and guidance needed for his future task. In Exodus 16, God provides manna from heaven to sustain the Israelites, demonstrating His care and provision for His people. In Deuteronomy 10:18-19, God emphasizes the importance of justice and caring for the needy: “He defends the cause of the fatherless and the widow, and loves the foreigner residing among you, giving them food and clothing. And you are to love those who are foreigners, for you yourselves were foreigners in Egypt.” This call to take care of the vulnerable parallels the New Testament’s call to tend to the flock. In Numbers 27:17, Moses asks God to appoint a new leader for the Israelites to ensure they are not left “like sheep without a shepherd.” The Lord God appoints Joshua, who will continue to guide and care for the people, reflecting the responsibility of leaders to tend to their community. These parallels highlight a consistent biblical theme of leadership through care, provision, and guidance, reflecting the role of shepherds both literally and metaphorically in the lives of God’s people. Notice this is how Yeshua taught Torah, the Torah has not passed away!
